Medical Reference Publication
Dans un premier temps, sera present6 un tableau cornparatif de l'kolution de la frequentation des centres de santk par pays (A panit des informations qui auront au prkalable Btk envoyees 1'OMS et complkt6es si nkessale par les informations apponkes par les delkgations des pays). Les indicateurs sont: le nornbre de consultations par mois et le nombre devaccinations par mois. Par rdfdrence A 1993, on ddbarrassera I'analyse des variations saisonnikres.
Ce communique contient les inIormations recues par l'Office International d'Hygibne publique en execution de la Convention sanitaire internationale de 1926, directement ou par l'intermediaire des Bureaux suivants, agissant comme Bureaux regionarzx pour I'application de cette Convention: Bureau d'Extreme-Orient de I'Organisation d'hygiene de la Soeiete des Nations, Singapour. Bureau Sanitaire Panambrieain., Washington. Bureau Regional d'lnformations sanita...
The mortality of women during pregnancy and delivery is a major public health problem in the developing countries, where the maternal mortality rate is between 500 and 1000 per 100 000 births, compared with 7-15 per 100 000 births in the developed countries. Until recently, little attention has been devoted to this problem. The emphasis in health care was on the development of general hospitals in the towns and on the provision of basic health care to prevent and treat i...
In a community-based malaria control project covering a predominantly Muslim population in the United Republic of Tanzania, difficulty was encountered in motivating people to have their mosquito nets reimpregnated with insecticide at six-monthly intervals. Education on this subject was therefore provided in mosques during Friday noon prayers. People who attended these services considered them an appropriate forum for discussing health concerns and viewed them as a credib...
A high proportion of technical activites conducted under the agegis of WHO is concerned either directly or indirectly , with the effective safe and rational use of drugs
INTRODUCTION This report describes the outcome of a consultation held in Pitlochry, Scotland between April 18th and 21st 1993. As the HIV/ATDS epidemic has spread it has become apparent that sexual bchaviour in many countries is, for many reasons, associated with the use of alcohol and other non-injected drugs such as cannabis (marihuana), cocaine and Ecstasy (MDMA). An influential report by Stall et al. (1986) provided empirical evidence that, amongst gay men in the U.S...
The selection of a strategy of control (or eradication) of malaria is, in principle, based on the expected effect of technically feasible intervention methods, and on their cost. A mathematical model of the epidemiology of malaria may rationalize this selection by allowing the quantitative comparison of the relative effects of different intervention methods and their combinations, within the expected range of underlying conditions. A fresh attempt to model the epidemiolo...
Membres : Pr'ofesseur I. Berenblum, Chef du D&partement de Biologie expirimentale, Institut Woizmann des Scioncos, Rehovot, Israel (Prisident) D r L. Golberg, Research Professor of Pathology, Institute of Experimental Pathology and Toxicology, Albany Medical College of Union University, Albany, N.Y., Etatu-Unie d'Ambripue (Rapporteur) Dr F. JI C. Roo, Chester Beatty Institute of Cancer Research, Royal Cancer Hospital, Londres, Angleterre (Rapporteur) Professeur R. Schind...
INTRODUCTION Ecologists have found that water velocity in streams has a great bearing on the breeding and development of bilharziasis vector snails. Careful investigation of this subject has been hampered by the difficulty of determining velocities near the periphery of the watercourse, the usual habitat of these snails. Upon review of hydraulic treatises, it was found that the subject of water velocity in canals is dealt with mainly from the engineering point of ~-iei\-...
This brfef review of the available studies confirms that the administration of iodized oil before or dunng pregnancy prevents endemic cretinism and brain damage by correcting lodine deficiency and thyroid function in pregnant women, fetuses, neonates, infants and children. The potential benefits derived from using iodized oii irnmed~ateiy before or dur~ngp regnancy greatly outweigh the potential risks in areas of moderate and severe prevalence of iodine-deficiency disord...
It is a worldwide observation that health and welfare systems are facing growing difficulties in reaching out to entire populations, and that there is a need to learn from the lessons of the diverse systems in the East, West, North and South. At the same time, there is encouraging evidence of growing recognition of the importance of the interrelationship of health and welfare systems in achieving improved health and well-being for all. Coupled with this, people's expecta...
Today, man's immune response to infection is regarded as closely integrated, involving different populations of cells. Antigens may first require processing by macrophages before they stimulate lymphocytes that are either thymus-dependent (Tcells) or thymus-independent (B-cells). T-cells comprise the bulk of circulating lymphocytes, are longlived, and may function importantly in immunological memory. When stimulated by antigen they give rise to lymphoblasts, which can be...
La santk de la reproduction porte sur le bien-6tre de l'homme, de la femme et des jeunes gens, ktant donnk qu'elle s'intkresse I leurs fonctions reproductrices. L'un des objectifs majeurs de la sante de la reproduction consiste I veiller I ce que les hommes et les femmes entretiennent des relations sexuelles saines et agreables, qu'ils puissent dkcider librement du moment et de la fikquence I laquelle ils veulent avoir des enfants. I1 est tout aussi important qu'une femm...
Notifications reGues aux termes du Rtglement sanitaire international concernant les circonscriptions infectks ou les territoires oO la presence de maladies quarantenaires a Ctk signalke (voir page 220). x = Nouveaux territoires signal&. I = Ciconscriptions ou territoires notifies aux termes de l'article 3 B la datc donnfe. Pour les autres territoires, la prksence de maladies quarantenaires a €18 notifib aux termes des articles 4, 5 et 9 a) pour la ptriode se terminant B la date indiquk.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Udted Nations Environment Programme and the World Health Organization wish t o thank a l l those who have taken part i n the preparation of t h i s publication, i n p a r t i c u l a r t h e two principal authors: D r Wafik Hassouna, health planner and health services researcher from Cairo, Egypt; and Dr Peter Ward, geographer and human settlements development researcher from Cambridge, England.
Le prksent guide a kt6 rkdigk, dans le cadre de l'organisation mondiale de la Santk, par le Groupe special mondial de lutte contre le cholQa en vue d'aider les responsables nationaux des programmes de lutte contre les maladies diarrhkiques et tous ceux qui ont a combattre le cholQa. I1 pourra sans doute @treu tile kgalement aux organisations internationales, bilaterales et non gouvernementales pour le choix des modalitks de l'aide apporter a un pays, face 21 une poussee de cholQa.
THE GLOBAL EPIDEMIOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
1.INTRODUCTION The Sixth Intercountry Meeting of National AIDS Programme Managers was held in Cairo from 23 to 27 February 1992. The meeting was attended by officials responsible for national AIDS programmes in 19 countries, representatives from two WHO collaborating centres on AIDS in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR), and WHO staff from headquarters, the Regional Office and countries in EMR.
AVANT-PROPOS La possession du meilleur état de santé qu’il est capable d’atteindre constitue l’un des droits fondamentaux de tout être humain. Pourtant, des millions de gens n’ont pas accès aux soins de santé ou même aux services d’assainissement de base. Confrontés à cette réalité, les pauvres ont souvent un sentiment d’impuissance. Ignorant leur droits, nombreux sont ceux qui acceptent avec résignation que les services de santé soient trop éloignés ou trop chers. Ceux ...
The Symposium on Postbasic and Graduate Education for Nurses in Europe was convened by the WHO Regional Office for Europe in collaboration with the Government of Finland and the authorities of the City of Helsinki, and was held from 4 to 8 June 1984. The purposes of the Symposium were to: - review the state of the art of postbasic programmes of education in nursing and examine their relative development towards primary health care;