Description: We apply an efficient method of forced imbibition to (nano-)capillaries, coated internally with a polymer brush, to derive the change in permeability and suction force, corresponding to different grafting densities and lengths of the polymer chains. While the fluid is modeled by simple point particles interacting with Lennard-Jones forces, the (end-grafted, fully flexible) polymers, which form the brush coating, are described by a standard bead-spring model....
Description: The K-shell x-ray spectra from the aluminum plasmas generated by the interaction of the 120 TW, 30 fs laser with aluminum targets have been measured by defocusing the laser beam. Laser energy-normalized intensity of the He-a line increases with the laser intensity approximately as a power law ε∝ILγ with the much smaller exponent of γ = 0.062 compared to γ = 0.2 ∼ 0.5 in the previous experiments, which is caused by the stronger radial thermal diffusivity in t...
Description: Experimental evidence shows that suspended particles preferentially migrate away from confining boundaries due to the effect of a shear flow. In this paper, we consider an asymmetric particle in Poiseuille flow and determine an inertial lift force which can contribute to the particle migration. Under the influence of Poiseuille flow in a slit pore, an arbitrary particle undergoes periodic rotation which is described by Jeffery’s orbit [ G. Jeffery, Proc. R. ...
Description: We report Raman studies of GaAs and InAs nanowires (NWs) grown on SiO2 and GaAs surfaces by means of catalyst-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. We have investigated several tens of NWs grown using either Mn or Au as a catalyst. The LO and TO phonon lines of the NWs showed an energy downshift and a broadening as compared to the lines usually observed in the corresponding bulk materials. A doublet is sometimes observed in the LO region due to the observation of...
Description: We consider a quantum two-level system perturbed by classical noise. The noise is implemented as a stationary diffusion process in the off-diagonal matrix elements of the Hamiltonian, representing a transverse magnetic field. We determine the invariant measure of the system and prove its uniqueness. In the case of Ornstein–Uhlenbeck noise, we determine the speed of convergence to the invariant measure. Finally, we determine an approximate one-dimensional dif...
Description: Effects of colored noise near supercritical Hopf bifurcation, especially noise induced oscillation (NIO) and coherence resonance (CR), have been studied analytically in the Brusselator model, using the stochastic normal form method. Two types of colored noise are considered: one is the standard Gaussian colored noise generated by the Ornstein–Uhlenbeck (OU) process and the other is the so-called power-limited (PL) process. Depending on the noise intensity an...
Description: Second order Møller–Plesset perturbation theory at the complete basis set limit and diffusion quantum Monte Carlo are used to examine several low energy isomers of the water hexamer. Both approaches predict the so-called prism to be the lowest energy isomer, followed by cage, book, and cyclic isomers. The energies of the four isomers are very similar, all being within 10–15 meV/H2O. These reference data are then used to evaluate the performance of several de...
Description: The performance of high-gain, fast-ignition fusion targets is investigated using one-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations of implosion and two-dimensional (2D) hybrid fluid-particle simulations of hot-electron transport, ignition, and burn. The 2D/3D hybrid-particle-in-cell code LSP [ D. R. Welch et al., Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A 464, 134 (2001) ] and the 2D fluid code DRACO [ P. B. Radha et al., Phys. Plasmas 12, 056307 (2005) ] are integrated to ...
Description: This paper reports a method for the efficient formation of surface relief grating (SRG) on azopolymer films in which gold nanoparticles are dispersed. The height and shape of the SRG, which were formed by a two-beam interference technique, were found to be dependent on the content of gold nanoparticles. The optimum concentration of gold nanoparticles for the efficient formation of SRG was confirmed by atomic force microscopy (AFM), and the height of SRG at t...
Description: Unsteady laminar natural convection in an enclosure with partially thermally active side walls and internal heat generation is studied numerically. Thermally inactive parts of the side walls and horizontal walls are thermally insulated. The governing equations are solved using the control volume method with a power law scheme. Nine different combinations of the hot and cold thermally active zones are considered. The effects of heat generations, aspect ratios...
Description: We have found experimentally that it is possible to restore the high spatial frequency of optical images by using stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) with a prepulse. The Stokes wave usually has to lose the high spatial frequency because of the necessary energy to generate the acoustic grating. However, this problem has been resolved by using a prepulse method. We have achieved an amplitude increase of ~41% compared to the normal SBS scheme at a spatial ...
Description: We study the structure of the spectrum of a two-level quantum system weakly coupled to a boson field (spin-boson model). Our analysis allows to avoid the cutoff in the number of bosons, if their spectrum is bounded below by a positive constant. We show that, for small coupling constant, the lower part of the spectrum of the spin-boson Hamiltonian contains (one or two) isolated eigenvalues and (one or two) manifolds of atom +1-boson states indexed by the boso...
Description: A novel scheme of transferring cold atoms in a double magneto-optical trap (MOT) system has been experimentally demonstrated. Cold cesium atoms trapped in a vapor-cell MOT are efficiently transferred to an ultrahigh-vacuum (UHV) MOT by a continuous-wave divergent Gaussian transfer laser beam. When large red detuning and moderate intensity are adopted for the transfer laser beam, enhancement of the recapturing of atoms in the UHV MOT is clearly observed. Usin...
Description: We investigate the dynamics of a damped harmonic oscillator with delayed feedback near zero eigenvalue singularity. We perform a linearized stability analysis and multiple bifurcations of the zero solution of the system near zero eigenvalue singularity. Taking the time delay as the bifurcation parameter, the presence of steady-state bifurcation, Bogdanov–Takens bifurcation, triple zero, and Hopf-zero singularities is demonstrated. In the case when the system...
Description: The giant magnetoresistance response of ellipse shaped Co(10 nm)/Cu(8 nm)/Ni80Fe20(10 nm)/Cu(2 nm) rings magnetostatically coupled to external magnetic elements has been systematically investigated. Magnetoresistance responses at low field show distinct states when the field is cycled through various intermediate magnetization states of Ni80Fe20 and Co layers. Due to strong magnetostatic coupling between the ring and the external magnetic elements, these met...
Description: We theoretically study the spatial behaviors of the spin precession in a two-dimensional electron system with spin-orbit interaction. Through analysis of interaction between the spin and the effective magnetic field in the system, we obtain the general conditions to generate a persistent spin helix and predict a persistent spin helix pattern in [001] -grown quantum wells. Particularly, we demonstrate that the phase of spin can be locked to propagate in a qu...