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### Effects of Mhd Slow Shocks Propagating Along Magnetic Flux Tubes i...

##### By: V. S. Semenov; H. K. Biernat; V. A. Shaidurov; N. V. Erkaev

Description: Institute of Computational Modelling, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk-36, 660036, Russia. Variations of the plasma pressure in a magnetic flux tube can produce MHD waves evolving into shocks. In the case of a low plasma beta, plasma pressure pulses in the magnetic flux tube generate MHD slow shocks propagating along the tube. For converging magnetic field lines, such as in a dipole magnetic field, the cross section of the magneti...

### Flip-mhd-based Model Sensitivity Analysis : Volume 21, Issue 2 (24...

##### By: M. E. Innocenti; L. Bettarini; G. Lapenta; F. Crespon; J. Lamouroux; C. Skandrani

Description: NOVELTIS, Space and Remote Sensing Department, Space Weather Unit, rue du Lac 153, 31670 Labège, France. The state of the art in the forecast of the background solar wind speed and of the interplanetary magnetic field at Earth is based on the use as boundary conditions for heliospheric models of the input data provided by solar observations. Magnetogram synoptic maps are used to obtain information on the magnetic field configuration at the solar source ...

Baker, D. N.: What is space weather?, Adv. Space Res., 22, 7–16, 1998.; Barrero Mendoza, O., De Moor, B., and Bernstein, D. S.: Data assimilation for magnetohydrodynamics systems, J. Comput. Appl. Mathe., 189, 242–259, 2006.; Beck, A., Innocenti, M. E., Lapenta, G., and Markidis, S.: Multi-level multi-domain algorithm implementation for two-dimensional multiscale particle in cell simulations, doi:10.1016/j.jcp.2013.12.0...

### Mesoscale Predictability Under Various Synoptic Regimes : Volume 8...

##### By: W. A. Nuss; D. K. Miller

Description: Department of Meteorology, Code MR/Nu, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, USA. Numerical model experiments using slightly rotated terrain are compared to gauge the sentivity of mesoscale forecasts to small perturbations that arise due to small synoptic-scale wind direction errors relative to topographic features. The surface and above surface wind speed errors, as well as the precipitation forecast errors, are examined for a landfal...

### Multifractal Earth Topography : Volume 13, Issue 5 (16/10/2006)

##### By: D. Schertzer; S. Lovejoy; J.-s. Gagnon

Description: Department of Physics, McGill University, Montréal, Canada. This paper shows how modern ideas of scaling can be used to model topography with various morphologies and also to accurately characterize topography over wide ranges of scales. Our argument is divided in two parts. We first survey the main topographic models and show that they are based on convolutions of basic structures (singularities) with noises. Focusing on models with large numbers of de...

Audit, B., Bacry, E., Muzy, J. F., and Arnéodo, A.: Wavelet-based estimators of scaling behavior, IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 48(11), 2938–2954, 2002.; Aviles, C. A., Scholz, C. H., and Boatwright, J.: Fractal analysis applied to characteristic segments of the San Andreas fault, J. Geophys. Res., 92(B1), 331–344, 1987.; Balmino, G.: The spectra of the topography of the Earth, Venus and Mars, Geophys. Res. Lett., 20(11), 1063–1066, 1993.; Banavar, J. R., Cola...

### Solute Transport in Fractured Media – Analysis of Non-reversibilit...

##### By: J. L. M. P. De Lima; F. F. Cruz; N. E. V. Rodrigues

Description: Earth Sciences Department, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade de Coimbra, Largo Marquês de Pombal, 3000-272 Coimbra, Portugal. This paper describes several small-scale (laboratory) experiments designed to simulate solute transport through fractured formations. A block of granite was broken to produce a fracture similar to those found in natural environments. Seven holes were drilled in the block to intersect the fracture. Later these hole...

Bear, J. and Verruijt, A.: Modeling Groundwater Flow and Pollution, D Reidel Pub. Comp., Dordrecht, The Netherlands, 1987.; Bear, J., Tsang, C. F., and de Marsily, G.: Flow and Contaminant Transport in Fractured Rock, Academic Press, New York, 1993.; Carlier, E., El Khattabi, J., and Potdevin, J. L.: Solute transport in sand and chalk: a probabilistic approach, Hydrological Processes, John Wiley & Sons, 20, 1047–1055, 2006.; Cook, P. G.: A guide to regional groundwater f...

### Comment on Multivariate Non-normally Distributed Random Variables ...

##### By: F. Serinaldi

Description: Dipartimento di Idraulica Trasporti e Strade, Sapienza Università di Roma, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy. No abstract available.

Bárdossy, A.: Copula-based geostatistical models for groundwater quality parameters, Water Resour. Res., 42, W11416, \doi10.1029/2005WR004754, 2006.; dos Santos Silva, R. and Freitas Lopes, H.: Copula, marginal distributions and model selection, Stat. Comput., 18, 313–320, 2008.; Drouet-Mari, D. and Kotz, S.: Correlation and dependence, Imperial College Press, London, 2001.; Fang, H B., Fang, K T., and Kotz, S.: The meta-elliptical distributions with given marginals, J. ...

### Modelling and Simulation of Waves in Three-layer Porous Media : Vo...

##### By: S. R. Pudjaprasetya

Description: Mathematics Department, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia. The propagation of gravity waves in an emerged three-layer porous medium is considered in this paper. Based on the assumption that the flow can be described by Darcy's Law, an asymptotic theory is developed for small-amplitude long waves. This leads to a weakly nonlinear Boussinesq-type diffusion equation for the wave height, with coefficients dependent on th...

Nielsen, P.: Tidal dynamics of the water table in beaches, Water Resour. Res., 26, 2127–2134, 1990.; Chwang, A. T. and Chan, A. T.: Interaction between porous media and wave motion, Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech., 30, 53–84, 1998.; Dahdouh-Guebas, F.: Mangrove forests and tsunami protection, 2006 McGraw-Hill Yearbook of Science & Technology, McGraw-Hill Professional, New York, USA, 187–191, 2006.; Fernando, H. J. S., Samarawickrama, S. P., Balasubramanian, S., Hettiarachchi, S. ...

### One-dimensional Modelling of Upper Ocean Mixing by Turbulence Due ...

##### By: M. Ghantous; A. V. Babanin

Description: Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia. Mixing of the upper ocean affects the sea surface temperature by bringing deeper, colder water to the surface. Because even small changes in the surface temperature can have a large impact on weather and climate, accurately determining the rate of mixing is of central importance for forecasting. Although there are several mixing mechanisms, one that has until recently been overlooked is ...

Anis, A. and Moum, J. N.: Surface wave-turbulence interactions: scaling $\epsilon(z)$ near the sea surface, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 25, 2025–2045, 1995.; Ardhuin, F. and Jenkins, A. D.: On the Interaction of Surface Waves and Upper Ocean Turbulence, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 36, 551–557, 2006.; Babanin, A.: Breaking and Dissipation of Ocean Surface Waves, Cambridge University Press, 2011.; Ardhuin, F., Chapron, B., and Collard, F.: Observation of swell dissipation across oceans, G...

### A Quasi-analytical Ice-sheet Model for Climate Studies : Volume 10...

##### By: J. Oerlemans

Description: Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research, Utrecht University Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC UTRECHT, The Netherlands. A simple quasi-analytical model is developed to study the response of ice-sheets to climate change. The model is axisymmetrical and rests on a bed with a constant slope. The mechanics are highly parameterised. The climatic conditions are represented by the altitude of the runoff line. Above the runoff line the accumulation...

### Characterization of Strombolian Events by Using Independent Compon...

##### By: B. Di Lieto; R. Tagliaferri; E. De Lauro; M. Falanga; S. De Martino; A. Ciaramella

Description: Dipartimento di Matematica ed Informatica, Salerno University, via S. Allende, I-84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy. We apply Independent Component Analysis (ICA) to seismic signals recorded at Stromboli volcano. Firstly, we show how ICA works considering synthetic signals, which are generated by dynamical systems. We prove that Strombolian signals, both tremor and explosions, in the high frequency band (>0.5 Hz), are similar in time domain. This seems to give...

### Generation of Weakly Nonlinear Nonhydrostatic Internal Tides Ove...

##### By: T. Gerkema; R. Maugé

Description: Laboratoire de Physique des Océans, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, 6 avenue Le Gorgeu, 29238 Brest, France. A set of evolution equations is derived for the modal coefficients in a weakly nonlinear nonhydrostatic internal-tide generation problem. The equations allow for the presence of large-amplitude topography, e.g. a continental slope, which is formally assumed to have a length scale much larger than that of the internal tide. However, comparison ...

Akylas, T R., Grimshaw, R. H J., Clarke, S R., and Tabaei, A.: Reflecting tidal wave beams and local generation of solitary waves in the ocean thermocline, J. Fluid Mech., 593, 297–313, 2007.; Bender, C M. and Orszag, S A.: Advanced mathematical methods for scientists and engineers, McGraw-Hill, 1978.; Durran, D R.: Numerical methods for wave equations in geophysical fluid dynamics, Springer, 1999.; Garrett, C. and Gerkema, T.: On the body-force term in internal-tide gen...

### Renormalization Group Method for Farley-buneman Fluctuations: Basi...

##### By: A. M. Hamza

Description: Physics Department, Center for Space Research, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3, Canada. Sudan and Keskinen in [1979] derived a set of equations governing the nonlinear evolution of density fluctuations in a low-pressure weakly ionized plasma driven unstable by the E x B or gradient-drift instability. This problem is of fundamental importance in ionos...

### Effect of Thermal Pressure on Upward Plasma Fluxes Due to Ponderom...

##### By: F. Z. Feygin; A. K. Nekrasov

Description: Institute of Physics of the Earth, Russian Academy of Sciences, 123995 Moscow, Russia. We consider the action of the ponderomotive force of low-frequency Alfvén waves on the distribution of the background plasma. It is assumed that the ponderomotive force for traveling waves arises as a result of the background inhomogeneity of medium under study. Expressions for the ponderomotive force obtained in this paper differ from previous analogous results. The ...

Guglielmi, A. V., Pokhotelov, O. A., Feygin, F. Z., Kurchashov, Yu. P., McKenzie, J. F., Shukla, P. K., Stenflo, L., and Potapov, A. S.: Ponderomotive wave forces in longitudinal MHD waveguides, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 7997–8002, 1995.; Kokubun, S., McPherron, R. L., and Russel, C. T.: OGO 5 Observations of Pc 5 waves: Ground-Magnetosphere correlations, J. Geophys. Res., 81, 5141–5149, 1976.; Landau, L. D. and Lifshits, E. M.: Electrodynamics of continious media, Nauka, M...

### Can an Ensemble Give Anything More Than Gaussian Probabilities? : ...

##### By: J. C. W. Denholm-price

Description: School of Mathematics, Kingston University, Kingston upon Thames, KT1 2EE, UK. Can a relatively small numerical weather prediction ensemble produce any more forecast information than can be reproduced by a Gaussian probability density function (PDF)? This question is examined using site-specific probability forecasts from the UK Met Office. These forecasts are based on the 51-member Ensemble Prediction System of the European Centre for ...

### An Experimental Investigation on Elliptical Instability of a Stron...

##### By: B. Cariteau; J.-b. Flór

Description: Laboratoire des Ecoulements Géophysiques et Industriels, PB53 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France. We investigate the elliptical instability of a strongly asymmetric vortex pair in a stratified fluid, generated by the acceleration and deceleration of the rotation of a single flap. The dominant parameter is the Froude number, Fr=U/(NR), based on the maximum azimuthal velocity, U, and corresponding radius, R, of the strongest vortex,...

Afanasyev, Y. D.: Experminents on instability of columnar vortex pairs in rotating fluid, Geophys. Astrophys. Fluid Dyn., 96(1), 31–48, 2002.; Billant, P. and Chomaz, J.-M.: Experimental evidence for a new instability of a vertical columnar vortex pair in a strongly stratified fluid, J. Fluid Mech., 418, 167–188, 2000a.; Billant, P. and Chomaz, J.-M.: Three-dimensional stability of a vertical columnar vortex pair in a stratified fluid, J. Fluid Mech., 416, 65–91, 2000b.;...

### Climate Spectrum Estimation in the Presence of Timescale Errors : ...

##### By: D. Fleitmann; E. W. Wolff; R. Röthlisberger; D. Scholz; M. Mudelsee; A. Mangini

Description: British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, UK. We introduce an algorithm (called REDFITmc2) for spectrum estimation in the presence of timescale errors. It is based on the Lomb-Scargle periodogram for unevenly spaced time series, in combination with the Welch's Overlapped Segment Averaging procedure, bootstrap bias correction and persistence estimation. The timescale errors are modelled parametrically and included in the simulations for determining (1...

Robinson, P. M.: Estimation of a time series model from unequally spaced data, Stoch. Process. Appl., 6, 9–24, 1977.; Röthlisberger, R., Mudelsee, M., Bigler, M., de Angelis, M., Fischer, H., Hansson, M., Lambert, F., Masson-Delmotte, V., Sime, L., Udisti, R., and Wolff, E. W.: The Southern Hemisphere at glacial terminations: insights from the Dome C ice core, Clim. Past, 4, 345–356, 2008.; Scargle, J. D.: Studies in astronomical time series analysis. II. Statistical asp...

### An Improved Arima Model for Precipitation Simulations : Volume 21,...

##### By: C. Wang; X. Lin; J. Kang; H. R. Wang

Description: College of Water Sciences, Key Laboratory for Water and Sediment Sciences Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing, 100875, China. Auto regressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models have been widely used to calculate monthly time series data formed by interannual variations of monthly data or inter-monthly variation. However, the influence brought about by inter-monthly variations within each year is often ig...

Ahmad, S., Khan, I. H., and Parida, B. P.: Performance of stochastic approaches for forecasting river water quality, Water Res., 35, 4261–4266, 2001.; Box, G. E. P.: Models for forecasting seasonal and nonseasonal time series, in: Spectral Analysis of Time Series, edited by: Harris, B., Wiley, New York, 271–311, 1967.; Box, G. E. P.: Time Series Analysis Forecasting And Control, China Statistics Press, Beijing, China, 1997.; Ip, W. C., Wong, H., and Wang, S. G.: A GIC ru...

### Bifurcations and Instabilities in Rotating, Two-layer Fluids: II. ...

##### By: P. L. Read; I. M. Moroz; A. F. Lovegrove

Description: Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics, University of Oxford, United Kingdom. In this paper, we show that the behavior of weakly nonlinear waves in a 2-layer model of baroclinic instability on a b-plane with varying viscosity is determined by a single, degenerate codimension three bifurcation. In the process, we show how previous studies, using the method of multiple scales to derive evolution equations for th...

### Large Eddy Simulation of Sediment Transport Over Rippled Beds : Vo...

##### By: S. T. Grilli; J. C. Harris

Description: Department of Ocean Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, RI, USA. Wave-induced boundary layer (BL) flows over sandy rippled bottoms are studied using a numerical model that applies a one-way coupling of a far-field inviscid flow model to a near-field large eddy simulation (LES) Navier–Stokes (NS) model. The incident inviscid velocity and pressure fields force the LES, in which near-field, wave-induced, turbulent bottom BL flows ar...

Chou, Y. J. and Fringer, O. B.: Consistent discretization for simulations of flows with moving generalized curvilinear coordinates, Int. J. Numer. Meth. Fl., 62, 802–826, 2009.; Chou, Y.-J. and Fringer, O. B.: A model for the simulation of coupled flow-bed form evolution in turbulent flows, J. Geophys. Res., 115, C10041, doi:10.1029/2010JC006103, 2010.; Chow, F. K. and Street, R. L.: Explicit filtering and reconstruction...

### Correlation-based Characterisation of Time-varying Dynamical Compl...

##### By: G. Balasis; R. V. Donner

Description: Department of Biogeochemical Integration, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Hans-Knöll-Straße 10, 07745 Jena, Germany. The dynamical behaviour of the magnetosphere is known to be a sensitive indicator for the response of the system to solar wind coupling. Since the solar activity commonly displays very interesting non-stationary and multi-scale dynamics, the magnetospheric response also exhibits a high degree of dynamical complexity associated w...

Angelopoulos, V., Mukai, T., and Kokubun, S.: Evidence for intermittency in Earth's plasma sheet and implications for self-organized criticality, Phys. Plasmas, 6, 4161–4168, doi:10.1063/1.873681, 1999.; Baker, D. N., Klimas, A. J., McPherron, R. L., and Büchner, J.: The evolution from weak to strong geomagnetic activity: An interpretation in terms of deterministic chaos, Geophys. Res. Lett., 17, 41–44,

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