Economics
La proteccion de los consumidores en una economía de transicion constituye un desafío particularmente arduo. porque requiere de un cuidadoso equilibrio entre a) la consideracion de que la mayoría de los individuos en esa circunstancia carece de los conocimientos basicos sobre como opera una economía de mercado, lo que los hace muy vulnerables al fraude, y b) la tendencia estatal a mostrarse demasiado dispuesto a intervenir en la evolucion del mercado. Este ultimo a su ve...
Good morning. I would like to start by thanking the organizers for their kind invitation to this annual conference on treaty interpretation, which is taking place on the occasion of the 25th anniversary of the adoption of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, the so-called ?treaty on treaties?. I have been asked to open this conference with a few remarks on why treaties matter. Well, while treaties matter to all international legal subjects as one of the classic ...
The objective of the grant is to facilitate the acquisition of technical expertise at the municipal level in order to assess needs, identify, design, contract, deliver, manage and coordinate community-based, integrated social services for children and families in need.
The economic cost analyses presented in Chapters 3 and 4 were calculated using a spreadsheet model (in EXCEL, version 5.0) which computes discounted cash flows for rural energy systems providing equivalent levels of service. -- 2. The economic analysis was performed from the country?s perspective and indicates which alternatives best manage national resources in meeting energy requirements. All financial transfers (e.g., duties, taxes, etc.) are removed and economic (i.e...
Research Questions -- How do residents in metropolitan areas, secondary cities, and rural areas allocate their consumption? -- How much do they rely on cash? -- Do expenditure patterns differ by: size of the city? -- gender of the head of household? -- income levels? -- How do households differ in food expenditure, budget share, and cost per calorie?
Some Key Issues -- Why is Distance Learning/IT so key in this area? -- Enormous Outreach program, with many partners --- Why Subnational approaches a priori can have advantages over national approaches in A-C? -- If real ?devolution? to citizenry, then proximity and more effective voice for service delivery, etc -- Direct Contact -- Monitoring, through report cards, etc.: Visibility in the provision of public services -- Key Methodological Issues on Surveys, Diagnostics ...
It used to be common in the economic literature on development to enumerate the multitudinous sources of market failure and prescribe complex government interventions to cure them without paying much attention to the equally numerous sources, especially in poor countries, of governmental failure (Stiglitz 1994). A 1995 conference on legal reform, as well as other recent judicial reform initiatives (Rowat, Malik, and Dakolias 1995; Dakolias 1996), attest to the growing aw...
Tile A-1: Southern Malay Peninsula (West)...
Summary findings In a cross-section of more than 150 countries, Kaufmann, Kraay, and Zoido-Lobaton provide new empirical evidence of a strong causal relationship from better governance to better development outcomes. They base their analysis on a new database containing more than 300 governance indicators compiled from a variety of sources. They provide a detailed description of each of these indicators and sources. Using an unobserved components methodology (described i...
SUMMARY: The Water and Sanitation for Health (WASH) Project provides short-term technical assistance to USAID missions and bureaus as well as to private voluntary organizations and other agencies involved in water and sanitation activities. This technical assistance is usually provided by short-term consultant teams. WASH staff have become increasingly aware of the importance of carefully preparing these teams so they can function effectively. Building on a concept origi...
P10. IDIOMAS. Con esta pregunta se trata de conocer 10s idiomas que hablan 10s entrevistados, sin importar cual es el idioma materno. Si el entrevistado le responde; por ejemplo solo Espaiiol, solo Quichua y solo Shuar, anote el cddigo correspondiente, caso contrario anote el cddigo que mejor contenga la informacidn obtenida. Si habla, a mas del espaiiol, otro idioma que no conste en las respwestas, anote el cddigo 6 y el nombre del otro idioma. Tenga en cuenta que se tr...
The continuous process of change in international transport management in the last ten years, from a segmented modal approach towards a much more integrated transport concept tailored to better meet the pressing needs of customer industries, is resulting in an increasing pressure on ports to adapt their role and function to this more demanding operational environment. This entails the rethinking of national port development strategies, as well as far-reaching reforms in ...
Executive Summary: The International Program for Development Evaluation Training, held on campus at Carleton University in June/July 2005, was evaluated using the same evaluation framework employed annually since 2002. The results of the evaluation are reported in this document. The program is sponsored by the Independent Evaluation Group of the World Bank and the Faculty of Public Affairs and Management, Carleton University. As has been the case in previous years, the p...
The Asia Alternative Energy Unit (ASTAE) commissioned four case studies of solar PV program experience, in order to review the experience and performance of solar PV rural electrification in selected countries and provide guidance for future solar PV programs. Field investigations were conducted to: (a) determine the technical performance of installed residential PV systems; (b) examine the management systems and field performance of the organizations responsible for the...
Challenging Convention ? key tenets 1. Good Governance = Anti-Corruption -- 2. Governance Measurement Skepticism -- Unmeasurable, or, -- Measurable, but so imprecise that it is not useful, or, -- Measurable, but only through ?Objective? Indicators -- Cannot Assess Trends: Unreliable or No Time Series -- 3. Some evidence: Governance has improved globally? -- 4. Good Governance: outcome of development and growth? ? & emerging economies are corrupt?? -- 5. The trouble with ...
Major conceptual contributions of a number of Nobel-laureates, in putting forth a framework linking the citizenry?s right to know and access to information with development, have already had had a major influence in various fields. However, implementation of transparency-related reforms on the ground remains checkered around the globe. Further, in contrast with other dimensions of governance -such as rule of law and regulatory burden-, there is a gap between the extent o...
What is different with ONEP? (Most water utilities do not practice franchising in small towns) -- Most national water utilities provides water to some dozen of medium sized towns and negotiated contracts excluding very small towns -- On the other hand, ONEP has been assigned a global ambitious objective by Morocco government: 5,400 villages in year 2006 -- and that makes the difference ! NB: SODECI is another water utility providing water to very small towns (545 towns i...
If there is anything else that you would like to say about the effectiveness of Bank support for social development, please comment here.
Contrariamente a lo que podría esperarse, en la Ciudad de Mexico (Zona Metropolitana del Valle de Mexico ? ZMVM), un menor crecimiento poblacional en los ultimos 20 anos, se ha visto acompanado por una creciente expansion física. Existen varios argumentos para explicar esta situacion, aunque seguramente la combinacion de ellos es lo que de mejor manera puede ayudar a comprender el comportamiento erratico del binomio poblacionsuperficie urbana. En primer lugar debe mencio...
Supervisor: Local Shop/Shops Refers To The Nearest Shop/Shops Where Households In The Ward Normally Go To Buy Supplies.